What are the two types of data in nursing assessment?

• A. Subjective data and Objective data
• B. Historical data and Current data
• C. Qualitative data and Quantitative data
• D. Physical data and Emotional data

Answer: (A)

In nursing assessment, data are split into what the patient reports and what the clinician observes and measures. Subjective data come from the patient’s own descriptions of symptoms, feelings, and experiences—things like pain level, nausea, dizziness, fatigue, or past medical history as the patient recalls it. Objective data are observable and measurable findings gathered through examination and tests—vital signs, physical exam findings, lab results, imaging, wound measurements, and other tangible evidence.

This distinction matters because subjective data give the patient’s perspective and uncover symptoms that aren’t directly measurable, while objective data provide verifiable signs that can be observed, quantified, and tracked over time. Together, they create a complete picture of the patient’s health and guide appropriate care.